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verbsCard 8 of 100

poder vs saber (can)

Both translate as 'can' — but poder is physical ability or permission, saber is knowing how.

poder

Can in the sense of being able to, being allowed to, or it being possible.

  • No puedo venir mañana.

    I can't come tomorrow.

    Circumstantial — you're busy, unwell, not permitted. Not about skill.

  • ¿Se puede fumar aquí?

    Can you smoke here? / Is smoking allowed?

    Impersonal poder for permission. Very natural way to ask if something is allowed.

  • Puede ser.

    Could be. / Maybe.

    One of the most useful phrases in Spanish. Possibility, not ability.

saber

Can in the sense of knowing how — a skill you've learned.

  • No sé nadar.

    I can't swim.

    You never learned. Poder here would mean you're physically prevented from swimming right now.

  • ¿Sabes conducir?

    Can you drive? / Do you know how to drive?

    Skill. Poder conduces would mean 'are you allowed to drive' or 'are you in a state to drive.'

  • De pequeña sabía tocar el piano.

    When she was little she could play piano.

    Past ability/skill. Podía here would imply she was allowed or physically capable — different meaning.

Tricky bit

'¿Puedes tocar el piano?' = Are you able to right now / are you allowed to? '¿Sabes tocar el piano?' = Do you know how? The question you mean to ask is almost always saber.